EARTH

The Earth is the third planet from the Sun which is the most populous planet and the fifth largest of the eight planets in the solar system. The Earth is sometimes referred to as the world or Blue Planet. The earth formed about 4.54 billion years ago, and life appeared on its surface at least about 3.5 billion years ago. Biosphere of the earth then slowly changes the atmosphere and other basic physical conditions that allow the proliferation of organisms and the formation of the ozone layer which together with the magnetic field multiply safely on land.

The earth is home to millions of living things including humans. The shape of the Earth is roughly like a fast spheroid, a ball that is compressed flat along the axis from the pole to the pole so that there are protrusions around the equator. This protrusion arises from the rotation of the Earth, which causes the equator's diameter 43 km (kilometers) larger than the polar diameter to the pole. Because of this, the farthest point of the Earth's surface from the center of Earth is Chimborazo volcano in Ecuador, which is 6,384 kilometers from the center of Earth, or about 2 kilometers further compared to Mount Everest. The average diameter of the Earth's circle is 12742 km, or roughly equivalent to 40,000 km / π, because the meter unit was originally calculated as 1 / 10,000,000 distance from the equator to the North Pole through Paris, France.

When the rotation of the Earth which is relative to the Sun is called the day of the Sun is 86,400 seconds from the time of the Sun. Because the solar day period of the Earth is now longer than the period of the 19th century due to tidal acceleration, every day varies from 0 to 2 ms longer. When the rotation of the Earth is relative to fixed stars, it is called star day by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS). The period of rotation of the Earth relative to precession or vernal equinox movement, is called Sidereal Day. Thus, cider days are 8.4 ms shorter than star days. The average day length of the Sun in SI seconds is calculated by IERS for the period 1623–2005 and 1962–2005. Besides meteors in the atmosphere and low-orbit satellites, the main movements of celestial bodies on Earth are westward, at a rate of 15 ° / hour = 15 '/ minute. For celestial bodies near the celestial equator, their movements are seen in the diameter of the Sun and Moon every two minutes from the surface of the Earth, the size of the Sun and the Moon is approximately the same.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth                            

Pictures: Google